10. Simple Present Tense: cara menambahkan kata keterangan frekuensi

10. Simple Present Tense: Cara menambahkan adverbs of frequency

Adverbs of frequency adalah kata keterangan yang menunjukkan SEBERAPA SERING kita melakukan sesuatu. Kita dapat menyelipkannya dalam kalimat simple present tense.

Adverbs of frequency terdiri atas:

Adverbs	Makna	Contoh dalam kalimat
Always	Selalu	Ben Told Jeedate always eats breakfast.
Almost always	Hampir selalu	Tom Block almost always comes late.
Usually / normally	Biasanya	Amy usually wears pink shirt.
Often	Sering	Phil often goes to library.
Sometimes	Kadang-kadang	Dody sometimes brings some snacks.
Rarely	Jarang-jarang	Tim rarely comes late.
Seldom	Jarang	Jin seldom hangs out with his friends.
Occasionally	Sesekali	Wati occationaly buys me snack.
Hardly ever	Hampir tak pernah	I hardly ever go to cinema.
Never	Tidak pernah	Dedy never travels abroad.

Posisi adverbs of frequency adalah sebagai berikut:

1.      Dalam kalimat sederhana, adverb of frequency diletakkan di antara subjek dan kata kerja. Lihat contoh-contoh kaliamat di atas.

2.      Dalam kalimat dengan kata kerja be, posisinya setelah be. Contoh: He is always late. 

3.      Dalam kalimat dengan kerja bantu (misal: be, do, does, must, will, dll)) dan kata kerja utama, posisinya adalah di antara keduanya. Contoh: He doesn’t always come on time.

4.      Often, usually, sometimes, dan occasionally bisa ditempatkan di awal kalimat. Contoh: Sometimes, I go to school by bus.

Selain itu, terdapat pula adverbs of frequency dalam bentuk lain, yakni every day, once a week, twice a week, three times a week, four times a week, dan lain-lain. Posisi adverbs ini adalah di akhir kalimat.

Contoh:

-  I clean my house twice a month. Bob cleans his house once a week. He’s lazy. J

-  My sisters read books every day. They’re very diligent.

- Sinta washes her clothes once a week. She usually uses a washing machine.

-  We study English twice a week. He studies English three times a month.

-  My grandma runs marathon five times a week. I never go.

Ok. Sekarang silakan berlatih, biar lebih paham. Membaca penjelasan saja tanpa mengerjakan latihan akan membuat pusing. Latihan dikerjakan, pemahaman tertanam.

Latihan

A.    Pilihlah adverb yang tepat. Lihat contoh.

1.      (always, almost never)            Ma Ling Ban __ comes on time. He’s very lazy!

2.      (every day, seldom)                  I get up early __, around 4 o’clock.

3.      (always, never)                        Bob __ goes jogging at night. He’s a fitness freak.

4.      (often, never)                           This car __ breaks down. I really want to sell it!

5.      (usually, rarely)                       We __ do our homework at home. We do it in class.

6.      (often, twice a week)                My father goes to work by bicycle __. 

7.      (never, sometimes)                   Dan and Don ­__ go to concert. They aren’t music fans.

8.      (almost always, seldom)          I __ have breakfast. I love eating in the morning.

9.      (always, hardly ever)               Tigers  ­__ prey other tigers. They prey other animals. 

10.  (twice a year, never)                My sisters go to Jakarta __.

11.  (hardly ever, often)                  Rina ­__ goes to cinema. She thinks movies aren’t fun.

12.  (usually, seldom)                     John ­__ walks to work, but this time he takes a bus.

13.  (occasionally, never)                We ­__ go window shopping for fun. We love it. It’s free.

B.     Letakkan adverbs di tempat yang tepat. Lihat contoh.

1.      (always)                                  Ma Ling Tong _√_ cleans __ his house at night __.

2.      (every day)                              Bib __ plays ___ the guitar ___.

3.      (often)                                     John __ is __ ill __.

4.      (once a week)                          We __ play __ soccer __.

5.      (never)                                    My parents ­__ go to __ movies __.  

6.      (twice a year)                          I __ take __ a bath __.

7.      (hardly ever)                           My sister ­__ goes __ to school by bus __.

8.      (five times a week)                  My grandmother ­__ runs 10 km __ marathon __.

9.      (sometimes)                            John ­__ eats __ fried cassava for breakfast __.

10.  (three times a year)                We ­__ wash __ our motorcycle __.

C.    Tulislah tentang dirimu. Gunakan adverbs of frequency. Lihat contoh.

1.      get up – at 4 o’clock.            _I never get up at 4 o’clock. I always get up at 5._

2.      play soccer                            __________________________________________

3.      take a bus to school.            __________________________________________

4.      stay up until midnight        __________________________________________

5.      go to bed before 9.               __________________________________________

6.      watch TV                              __________________________________________

7.      arrive late at school              __________________________________________

8.      read comics                          __________________________________________

9.      drink tea.                              __________________________________________

10.  eat chocolate                         __________________________________________

11.  go jogging                            __________________________________________

D.    Tulislah tentang dirimu. Gunakan adverbs of frequency.